卡纳克神庙 | 埃及最大的神庙

卡纳克神庙 | 埃及最大的神庙

位于卢克索的卡纳克神庙群无疑是埃及乃至全世界最美丽的建筑之一。这座巨大的室外博物馆包含了埃及新时代古王国的中心,显示了卢克索城(即过去的底比斯)的影响力和权力水平。有几座建筑被称为卡纳克。在将近一千五百年的时间里,不同的国王、祭司甚至一些入侵者都对它们进行过修建、改建和完善。如今,它已成为一座历史古迹,也是世界上每个国家游客最多的地方之一,这要归功于它在这个奇迹迸发的神庙建筑群中所展现的深厚历史底蕴。

卡纳克神庙建筑群布局

卡纳克神庙建筑群包括四个主要部分,其中一个向公众开放:阿蒙-拉区。该区域是神庙中最大、最重要的部分,卡纳克的一些著名景点都坐落于此。其余三个部分--穆特、蒙图和阿肯那顿(阿蒙霍特普四世)的小神庙--则只对游客开放,以保护其神秘性和神圣性。其他较小的礼拜堂和神庙将阿蒙-拉神的主要区域与关闭的辖区连接起来,形成了一个庞大的神圣区域网络。

神庙群主要供奉新王国时期的主神阿蒙-拉,体现了古埃及人对神灵的尊敬和崇拜。一进入卡纳克神庙,人们就会发现沿着尼罗河岸长达近两英里的巨塔、大门、神龛和方尖碑接连不断。每一块砖、每一根柱子和每一个雕刻都有它的历史,共同构成了一个巨大的古埃及历史 “石头图书馆”。

卡纳克神庙为何如此著名?

卡纳克神庙以其规模、重要性和精致的雕刻而闻名于世。这座神庙不仅仅是一座建筑,它还是新王国时期埃及宗教和政治的核心,在底比斯成为权力中心时更是如此。值得注意的是,卡纳克神庙是所有古代所谓宗教建筑群中最大的一座,其历史意义仅次于柬埔寨的吴哥窟。卡纳克神庙的历史及其在宗教中的地位促使无数王朝不断对其进行修建,每个王朝都想为神庙的历史添上自己的一笔。数十年来,这些建筑工程造就了这座在建筑和艺术方面堪称世界一流的建筑群,甚至让古埃及人都为之骄傲。

卡纳克神庙的主要特征

神庙建筑群最具标志性的部分之一是大柱厅,这是一个由 134 根巨大圆柱组成的宽阔大厅,圆柱的顶部是一个巨大的屋顶。这些高大的圆柱高达约 70 英尺,上面绘有象形文字,并刻有重复埃及传奇的铭文,无论以何种标准衡量,都堪称美轮美奂。圆柱大厅是一个工程奇迹,它至今仍是古代最伟大的建筑之一,代表着古埃及这个伟大民族的至高无上。

哈特谢普苏特、拉美西斯二世和图特摩斯三世等新王国统治者对卡尔纳克的贡献功不可没。哈特谢普苏特是为数不多的女法老之一,她建造了美丽的红色礼拜堂,其精致的工艺和鲜艳的色彩至今仍令人叹为观止。在拉美西斯二世的所有建筑事业中,他最著名的是为阿蒙神树立雕像和题词。后来,在希腊-罗马时期,亚历山大等征服者国王以卡纳克供奉的神灵的名义建造了神庙和祭坛,并扩建了现有的神庙和祭坛。

卡纳克神庙的历史意义

卡纳克神庙的宏伟并不是它唯一值得谈论的地方。这座神庙不仅被视为祭祀场所,也是埃及国家政治权力和行政管理的所在地。法老和大祭司在卡纳克神庙的围墙内举行朝会,掌管国家大权,这证明埃及的宗教是以政府最高层为中心并在最高层实行的。多年来,卡纳克神庙的城墙和其他古迹记录了埃及人几个世纪的历史,使这些城墙和建筑对历史学家和考古学家有所帮助。这些图画为人们了解古埃及的信仰体系、习俗和政策以及他们与外国的交往提供了一个窗口,使卡纳克成为古代世界信息的一个广泛来源。

今日游览卡纳克

今天,我们似乎不难解释为什么卡拉克在埃及旅游景点中排名第三,仅次于吉萨金字塔。神庙的规模、感觉和历史使它值得任何热爱古代国家的人一游。卡纳克神庙已成为尼罗河之旅的一个重要中心,大多数尼罗河之旅的终点都是卢克索,游客在导游的带领下游览最迷人的景点,包括卡纳克神庙、卢克索神庙和国王谷。

每天晚上的某个时刻,卡纳克神庙都会举行声光表演。在这场表演中,明亮的灯光和激光范投影会突出神庙的结构、柱子、墙壁甚至雕像。声光表演使用多种外语,向游客介绍法老、他们的神灵以及古埃及的奇迹。对于参观卡纳克神庙的游客来说,这种令人印象深刻的表演不仅是一种期待,更能激发他们对埃及生活方式的热爱。

发现隐藏的瑰宝 哈特谢普苏特红教堂

参观卡纳克神庙还应该参观哈特谢普苏特的红教堂,这座迷人的建筑一直得到很好的维护,反映了埃及丰富的艺术史和象征意义。哈特谢普苏特建造了这座礼拜堂,作为阿蒙神的树皮神龛,特别用于宗教仪式。红色石英岩墙壁上有浮雕,墙壁上绘有统治大地的妇女和其他各种仪式的象形文字。红教堂是古埃及艺术和建筑中的精品,是每个新王国历史爱好者和文化爱好者的必游之地。

卡纳克的建造者

关于卡纳克神庙最早由谁建造的问题非常复杂,因为参与建造活动的有好几代人。然而,一些法老的成就尤为突出。值得一提的建造者包括图特摩斯三世、哈特谢普苏特、拉美西斯二世、阿蒙霍特普三世和阿肯那顿,他们的神庙、雕像和铭文都留下了他们的痕迹。每一位统治者对卡纳克的贡献都是对神灵的敬意,使他们的名字永存,并向人民和上天显示自己的力量。卡纳克不同建筑的大小、类型以及碑文的差异表明,埃及古代历史是充满活力和不断进步的。

卡纳克神庙的时光之旅

卡纳克神庙建筑群不仅仅是数百年前的遗迹。它的意义不仅在于了解埃及的历史,更在于徜徉在被称为埃及的古老文明中。高耸的殿堂、巨大的神像、神圣的祭坛,所有这些都让游客感受到法老们的敬畏之心,以及为建造这座遗址所付出的心血。无论是发现巨大的圆柱、欣赏雕刻还是观看声光表演,游览卡纳克神庙都将是一次难忘的经历。

因此,如果您计划在埃及度假,请确保将参观卡纳克神庙列入您的行程。无论是乘坐尼罗河游轮还是卢克索一日游,都将在对古埃及的敬畏和好奇中近距离感受卡纳克神庙。在卡纳克宁静的废墟前,您会意识到为什么这里被视为全世界珍贵的历史遗产之一。

 

 

 

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The most important monuments of Sinai's religious tourism in Sinai, Egypt, known as the Sinai Development, are the information and secrets of the holy place where our master Mossi received the Ten Commandments as mentioned in the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions
The viewer from the top of the mountain is able to see beautiful scenes of the surrounding mountain range, especially in the sunrise and sunset periods, located near Mount Catherine (Mount Taur Sinai), where St. Catherine monastery is located, and surrounds the mountain with a range of South Sinai mountain peaks.
Are you ready to visit this holy mountain!

 

 

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Egypt is considered one of the most famous countries that has many antiquities and monuments in the world, and you can see these famous antiquities in Egyptian museums such as the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, the Grand Egyptian Museum, and the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir. There are also many other Egyptian antiquities that have been transferred to foreign countries. During the foreign invasion of Egypt, such as the Hall of Egyptian Antiquities and Monuments was located in the Louvre Museum in Paris. Among the most famous artifacts in Egypt are the treasures of King Tutankhamun: King Tutankhamun’s mask made of gold weighing 150 kilograms, his golden throne chair made with unprecedented precision, and the king’s sword made of a stone that does not exist on planet Earth. Scientists explain This is because it was probably made from a meteorite that fell on Egypt in that era.

Just outside of Cairo, Egypt, on the Giza Plateau, is where you can see the Sphinx. It is situated close to the Giza Pyramids.
 

许多开罗一日游行程都包含购物机会,让游客可以探索当地市场,购买纪念品、工艺品和其他物品。以下是您在开罗一日游中可能会遇到的一些常见购物选择:

汗哈利利市场:汗哈利利市场是开罗最著名的市场之一,也是许多行程的热门站点。这是一个熙熙攘攘的集市,您可以在这里找到各种各样的商品,包括珠宝、纺织品、香料、服装、古董和纪念品。这里是购买传统埃及产品的理想场所。

当地市场和集市:除了汗哈利利市场,一些行程还会包含参观其他当地市场和集市,让您探索各种独特的商品,并与当地商贩互动。

纸莎草和香水店:一些行程会在纸莎草和香水店停留,您可以在那里了解传统纸莎草艺术品的制作过程,并品尝埃及香水。这些商店通常会出售一些商品。

手工艺作坊:某些行程可能会带您前往手工艺作坊或工匠中心,在那里您可以观看传统手工艺品的制作过程并购买这些手工制品。

香料市场:埃及以其芳香的香料而闻名,行程中可能会包含参观香料市场,您可以在那里购买香料带回家。

当地纪念品:在整个旅程中,您将有机会购买钥匙扣、围巾和小装饰品等纪念品。

Egypt includes a number of unique museums and palaces that are gaining wide fame around the world. The most prominent of these museums is the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir, the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, and the Grand Egyptian Museum, whose opening is eagerly awaited by tourists from all over the world. These museums contain a distinguished collection of dazzling Egyptian monuments that the world still cannot explain how they were manufactured. There are also many other palaces that serve as wonderful museums from different eras, such as the Baron Palace, the Palace of Mrs. Aisha Fahmy, and the Abdeen Palace. These palaces contain a huge collection of artistic artifacts.

Egypt is one of the most beautiful countries in the world because it has many picturesque natural landscapes, which will make you feel that these areas are imaginary, such as the white desert, Cleopatra springs, salt lakes, and the view of the stars in Wadi El Hitan.
 

There are many famous and beautiful cities that you must visit while you are in Egypt. Cairo, Luxor, and Aswan are three of the most famous archaeological cities that you must visit to learn about Egypt’s history and civilization. If you want to relax and spend a good time on the Egyptian beaches, Hurghada and Sharm El Sheikh are a great choice for you.

Cairo Top Tours is interested in providing many diverse long- and short-term trip programs to suit all types of travelers, their interests, and their budgets. Therefore, you only have to browse the distinguished programs that we offer you on our website.

There are all types of tourism available in Egypt that you could desire, such as medical tourism that you can enjoy in the Bahariya Oasis and Siwa Oasis, cultural and educational tourism in Luxor, Aswan, and Cairo, recreational tourism in Sharm El-Sheikh and Hurghada, safari in Siwa, the White Desert and many other oases. 

Egypt is one of the most famous travel destinations in the world and has a civilization exceeding seven thousand years and its history is still being studied in many countries. Egypt has many of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, such as the Pyramids, which are internationally famous, not just at the level of the Arab world, and the Lighthouse of Alexandria.

Yes, generally, Egypt provides good healthcare services for tourists. There are many hospitals and specialized clinics in tourist areas. It's always essential to have health insurance to cover any emergencies and to check health requirements before traveling.

The Pharaohs constructed the temples, which you can visit to spend your vacation. One option is to travel to Luxor, a monument-rich city. You can travel to the Red Sea during the summer. Our organization provides a cost-effective way to travel to Egypt.

The word "oasis" originally came from Latin and Ancient Greek, which borrowed it from the Demotic Egyptian language. In a later form of Egyptian called Coptic, the word for oasis is "wahe" or "ouahe," which means a place where people live.
 

Yes, there are sound and light shows in Karnak Temple in Luxor. These shows are exciting experiences that provide visitors with a glimpse into the history of the site and ancient Egyptian civilization in a fun and impressive way.

These shows usually take place at night and use lighting and sound effects to show archaeological sites and introduce their history and stories. These offers add a special character to visiting the Valley of the Kings, as visitors can enjoy a unique and interactive experience that tells the history of the region in a different way

Luxor and Aswan are renowned for their rich historical and archaeological significance in ancient Egypt. Luxor is often called the "world's greatest open-air museum" due to its numerous temples, tombs, and monuments. Aswan is famous for the High Dam and the Philae Temple.

Seafood is a highlight, given its coastal location. You'll find a variety of international cuisines in the city, including Egyptian, Middle Eastern, and European options.

The Sofitel Winter Palace Luxor, Pavillon Winter Luxor, and Spirit Luxor Luxury are a few of the greatest upscale accommodations in Luxor that are close to the Luxor Temple.
 

Go see the dark and fiery Black Desert and the special White Desert made of a different kind of rock. After that, go for a fun swim in the oasis in the middle of the desert, and it's all included in the tour!

Khan el-Khalili is a very popular market in the old part of Cairo, Egypt. It's a place where people can go shopping and find lots of interesting things to buy.

KV2 is a special place where the body of a pharaoh named Ramesses IV is buried. It is like a big underground house for the pharaoh's body. This tomb was the one we liked the most in the Valley of the Kings. It's included in the main ticket. The hallway is long and has lots of pretty things to look at. Inside the tomb, there are lots of colorful pictures on the walls and ceiling.

Yes, many hotels in Luxor provide services and facilities that suit the needs of families. These hotels often include spacious accommodations, children's entertainment programs, and facilities for families. Here are some hotels that might be suitable for families in Luxor:

El Mesala Hotel
Nefertiti Hotel
Pyramids Luxor Hotel
Sofitel Luxor Luxor Hotel

The idea of an all-powerful god changed during the course of ancient Egyptian history. The sun god Ra was regarded as the most significant divinity in the Old Kingdom. Amun-Ra was identified during the New Kingdom with the concept of an all-powerful creator god. It's crucial to remember, though, that polytheistic ancient Egyptian religion placed a strong emphasis on the worship of several gods and goddesses.

Yes, you can visit some of Luxor's temples in the evening to see these historic places in a different atmosphere. Particularly the Luxor Temple is well-known for its captivating light and sound spectacle that happens after sundown. An engrossing environment is produced by the lit structures and told stories. When you visit the temples, it's a good idea to inquire about the precise times and whether night visits are available.

Yes, Egypt Classic Tours includes visits to famous historical sites. Tours are designed to include many of Egypt's notable historical attractions and places, such as the Pyramids in Giza, Karnak Temple in Luxor, Philae Temple in Aswan, Valley of the Kings in Luxor, and more.

Destinations are carefully selected to ensure a comprehensive and enjoyable experience for visitors, with opportunities to explore Egypt's rich culture and history.

For locations like Jerash, Petra, and Wadi Rum, where local narrative and knowledge add significance, depth, and even friendship to your experience, think about hiring a guide. You can enjoy Jordanian hospitality, learn from the people who know the country best, and support the local economy by spending time with local guides. 

 

Cairo, the vibrant capital of Egypt, offers a wide range of excellent hotels to suit different preferences and budgets. Here is a list of some of the best hotels in Cairo:

Four Seasons Hotel Cairo at Nile Plaza: This luxury hotel offers stunning Nile River views, spacious rooms, world-class amenities, and multiple dining options.

Kempinski Nile Hotel Cairo: Situated on the banks of the Nile, this five-star hotel boasts elegant rooms, a rooftop pool, a relaxing spa, and several dining outlets.

The Nile Ritz-Carlton: Located in the heart of downtown Cairo, this iconic hotel offers luxurious accommodation, a rooftop bar with panoramic views, and direct access to the Egyptian Museum.

Marriott Mena House, Cairo: Situated near the Pyramids of Giza, this historic hotel offers a unique blend of modern comfort and traditional charm, along with stunning views of the pyramids.

InterContinental Cairo Semiramis: Overlooking the Nile River, this upscale hotel features well-appointed rooms, a rooftop pool, multiple restaurants, and a casino.

ONLY THE MAIN ONES IN EACH DYNASTY WILL BE DESCRIBED, AS THERE WERE AT LEAST 7 FEMALE PHARAOHS (CALLED QUEENS) AND 163 MALE PHARAOHS (CALLED KINGS) DURING THE 3,000 YEARS.

 

Wheelchair accessibility is not available for the excavations and opened chambers within the pyramids, however these are nonetheless accessible to physically fit travelers. Wheelchair users can only see the exterior of the pyramids, but they can still get a good idea of Khufu and Khafre via the streets and certain wheelchair-accessible pathways. 

The winter months of November through February are the ideal times to visit Luxor because of the pleasant, moderate weather that makes them ideal for sightseeing and outdoor sports. Summertime temperatures in June, July, and August can reach over 40°C (104°F), making them exceptionally hot. It's crucial to wear sunscreen, drink plenty of water, and schedule your activities appropriately. Both the spring (March to May) and fall (September to October) have comfortable temperatures.

Secluded and close to Egypt's border with Libya, the Siwa Oasis is situated in the Western Desert. Notable features include its ageless history, distinct culture, and breathtaking natural beauty. Sand dunes, salt lakes, and palm groves surround the oasis, which provides guests with a serene and picturesque haven.

 Families may find Egypt Classic Tours appropriate. Numerous travel companies provide family-friendly itineraries and age-appropriate activities. The tours frequently feature interactive activities, educational components, and flexible itineraries to meet the needs of families taking trips with kids. It is a good idea to confirm with the tour operator that the itinerary meets the needs of your family.
 

Sharm El Sheikh is one of the largest and most famous tourist cities in Egypt. It is located on the Red Sea coast at the confluence of the Suez Canal and the Gulf of Aqaba. It is the largest city in the South Sinai Governorate with an area of 480 square kilometers. It is characterized by a desert climate, as it does not experience much rainfall, and the average temperature in winter reaches 23 degrees Celsius.

This romantic retreat offers leisurely moments, cultural explorations, and breathtaking natural encounters. Couples can visit historic locations like the remains of Karanis, explore the well-known natural areas of Fayoum like Lake Qarun and Wadi El Rayan, and spend a romantic evening in a quaint eco-lodge or a desert tent beneath the stars.
 

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